Understanding Kidney Disease

A Guide for pet owners

What is kidney disease?

Kidney disease, also known as renal disease, is a common condition, especially as our pets get older. The kidneys play a vital role in filtering waste products and excess fluids from the blood, regulating blood pressure, and maintaining electrolyte balance. When the kidneys are damaged and can no longer perform these functions efficiently, your pet may develop a range of health problems.

Types of Kidney Disease

Acute Kidney Disease: This develops suddenly, often due to toxins, infections, or blockages.

Chronic Kidney Disease: This occurs gradually, usually in older animals, and is often irreversible.

Common Causes

• Ageing
• Genetic predisposition
• Infections (such as leptospirosis)
• Exposure to toxic substances (e.g., antifreeze, certain medications, plants)
• Underlying health conditions (high blood pressure, autoimmune diseases)

Signs and Symptoms

Early signs of kidney disease can be subtle. If you notice any of the following, consult your vet:

• Increased thirst and urination
• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Lethargy or weakness
• Vomiting or diarrhoea
• Bad breath (often with a chemical smell)
• Ulcers in the mouth or pale gums